The following are documents which have contributed to the shaping of African American history. These documents are a starting point for additional research and discussions that help further our understanding of the history of people of African ancestry in the United States.
Argued October 12, 1977 Decided June 28, 1978 The Medical School of the University of California at Davis (hereinafter Davis) had two admissions programs for the entering class of 100 students – the regular admissions program and the special admissions program. Under the regular procedure, … Read More(1978) University of California Regents v. Bakke
March 28, 1979, Argued June 27, 1979, Decided * * Together with No. 78-435, Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp. v. Weber et al., and No. 78-436, United States et al. v. Weber et al., also on certiorari to the same court. MR. JUSTICE BRENNAN delivered … Read More(1979) AFL-CIO v. Weber United Steelworkers of America
November 27, 1979, Argued July 2, 1980, Decided MR. CHIEF JUSTICE BURGER announced the judgment of the Court and delivered an opinion, in which MR. JUSTICE WHITE and MR. JUSTICE POWELL joined. [1A]We granted certiorari to consider a facial constitutional challenge to a requirement in … Read More(1980) Fullilove v. Klutznick
CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 81-3 Argued: October 12, 1982 — Decided: May 24, 1983 [*] CHIEF JUSTICE BURGER delivered the opinion of the Court. We granted certiorari to decide whether petitioners, nonprofit private schools that prescribe … Read More(1983) Bob Jones University v. United States
November 6, 1985, Argued May 19, 1986, Decided JUSTICE POWELL announced the judgment of the Court and delivered an opinion in which THE CHIEF JUSTICE and JUSTICE REHNQUIST join, and in all but Part IV of which JUSTICE O’CONNOR joins. [1A] This case presents the … Read More(1986) Wygant Et. Al. v. Jackson Board of Education Et. Al.
No. 85-999 Argued: November 12, 1986 — Decided: February 25, 1987 JUSTICE BRENNAN announced the judgment of the Court and delivered an opinion in which JUSTICE MARSHALL, JUSTICE BLACKMUN, and JUSTICE POWELL join. The question we must decide is whether relief awarded in this case, … Read More(1987) United States v. Paradise
APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 87-998. Argued October 5, 1988 Decided January 23, 1989 Appellant city adopted a Minority Business Utilization Plan (Plan) requiring prime contractors awarded city construction contracts to subcontract at least 30% of the … Read More(1989) City of Richmond v. Croson Co.
Argued October 7, 1991 Decided March 31, 1992 Kennedy, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Rehnqist, C.J., and White, Scalia, Souter, JJ., joined. Scalia, J., post, p. 500, and Souter, J., post, p. 507, filed concurring opinions. Blackmun, J., filed an opinion … Read More(1992) Freeman v. Pitts School Desegregation Decision
April 20, 1993, Argued June 28, 1993, Decided OPINION: JUSTICE O’CONNOR delivered the opinion of the Court. This case involves two of the most complex and sensitive issues this Court has faced in recent years: the meaning of the constitutional “right” to vote, and the … Read More(1993) Shaw v. Reno
No. 93-1841. Argued January 17, 1995 Decided June 12, 1995 Most federal agency contracts must contain a subcontractor compensation clause, which gives a prime contractor a financial incentive to hire subcontractors certified as small businesses controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals, and requires the … Read More(1995) Adarand Constructors, Inc., v. Pena
