Second Emancipation Proclamation (1962)

The Second Emancipation Proclamation was an envisioned executive order proposed by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and other leaders of the civil rights movement which they urged President John F. Kennedy to issue. As the Emancipation Proclamation was an executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln to … Read MoreSecond Emancipation Proclamation (1962)

The Pearsall Plan (1956-1966)

The Pearsall Plan was North Carolina’s response to the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education that declared racial segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional. Most southern states, including Alabama, Virginia, and South Carolina, immediately and defiantly resisted the ruling, … Read MoreThe Pearsall Plan (1956-1966)

Deep Greenwood (Tulsa), Oklahoma (1906- )

The largest number of African American townships after the Civil War were located in Oklahoma. The state was promoted as a ‘safe haven’ for Blacks by both local and national leaders. As a result, between 1865 and 1920, dozens of townships and settlements were founded … Read MoreDeep Greenwood (Tulsa), Oklahoma (1906- )

Nathaniel Sextus Colley (1918-1992)

(Image Courtesy of  the Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley) Nathaniel Sextus Colley, the first African American attorney in Sacramento, California, was born on November 21, 1918 in Carlowsville, Alabama. The youngest of six brothers, Colley grew up in Snow Hill, Alabama, and graduated from … Read MoreNathaniel Sextus Colley (1918-1992)