Africa – Niger
Tukulor Empire (1852-1864)
The Tukulor Empire was a Muslim theocracy established during the mid-19th century major jihads (holy wars) in Western Africa. At...
Muhammed Toure / Askia Muhammad I (c. 1442-1538)
Muhammad Toure, also known Askia Muhammad I and Askia the Great, was a ruler of the Songhay (or Songhai) Empire...
(1885) General Act of the Conference of Berlin
General Act of the Conference of Berlin Berlin, Germany Signed February 26, 1885 CHAPTER I DECLARATION RELATIVE TO FREEDOM OF...
Empire of Kanem-Bornu (ca. 9th century-1900)
The Kanem-Bornu Empire was a large African state which existed from the 9th century through the end of the 19th...
Songhai Empire (ca. 1375-1591)
The Songhai Empire was the largest and last of the three major pre-colonial empires to emerge in West Africa. From...
Mali Empire (ca. 1200-1545 )
The Mali Empire was the second of three West African empires to emerge in the vast savanna grasslands located between...
Mansa Musa (1280-1337)
Mansa Musa, fourteenth century emperor of the Mali Empire, is the medieval African ruler most known to the world outside...
