Independent Historian

Michael Slaughter is a professor of history. He received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles. His research focuses on race in the American West, particularly in connection to the African American experience. His latest project examines notions and practices of racial tolerance and racial innocence in mid-twentieth century Los Angeles. His book-length manuscript links educational policy and practices in Los Angeles to a larger history of colorblind discrimination.

Emmanuel Francis Joseph (1900–1979)

“Image Ownership: Oakland Public Library & African American Museum” Emmanuel Francis (E.F.) Joseph was the first professional African American photographer in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. Born on November 8, 1900 on the Caribbean island of St. Lucia, Joseph would later move to … Read MoreEmmanuel Francis Joseph (1900–1979)