Independent Historian

Robert Cruickshank is a Doctoral Candidate at the University of Washington in Seattle. His dissertation, “Our San Francisco: Race, Liberalism and the Reconstruction of Urban Space, 1950-1980” examines the role of African Americans and other groups in creating a neighborhood-based politics that restructured the way San Francisco was governed in an attempt to overcome decades of persistent racial inequalities. A recipient of the York-Mason Award for Best Graduate Student Paper on African Americans in the American West in the Department of History, Robert received his M.A. in history from the University of Washington in 2003, and his B.A., also in history, from the University of California at Berkeley in 2000. He currently lives in Monterey, California.

Thomas Courtney Fleming (1907-2006)

Thomas Fleming was a founding editor and columnist of one of the leading African American newspapers in California, the San Francisco-based Sun-Reporter. Born in Jacksonville, Florida in 1907, Fleming migrated to Chico, California in 1918 to live with his mother upon her divorce from Thomas’s … Read MoreThomas Courtney Fleming (1907-2006)

East Bay Democratic Club

An important force in local and state politics in the Oakland, California region, the East Bay Democratic Club (EBDC) was founded in the late 1940s to help produce black political self-determination through electoral politics by organizing grassroots coalitions of East Bay African Americans. Founded by … Read MoreEast Bay Democratic Club